What does it mean to "heave to" in sailing?

To "heave to" in sailing refers to a maneuver that allows a vessel to slow down and maintain its position, particularly when facing rough seas or adverse weather conditions. This technique involves adjusting the sails and rudder in such a way that the boat will present minimal forward motion while still being able to remain stable. By doing this, the vessel can ride out inclement weather without being pushed off course or becoming difficult to control.

This maneuver is especially valuable for managing difficult sailing situations, as it provides a means of safety and gives the crew time to assess the conditions or make necessary adjustments. Other options do not correctly describe the concept of heaving to; for example, securing sails at night or attracting fish are unrelated to the primary function of maintaining position in challenging weather. Similarly, increasing speed does not align with the purpose of heaving to, which is about control and stability rather than performance.